在实时编辑器中打开导入数据任务。在文件字段中输入第一个电子表格的文件名 01_weather.xlsx。

要查看此任务生成的代码，请点击任务参数区域底部的显示代码展开任务显示。

% Set up the Import Options and import the data

opts = spreadsheetImportOptions("NumVariables", 12);

% Specify sheet and range

opts.Sheet = "3179575";

opts.DataRange = "A2:L32";

% Specify column names and types

opts.VariableNames = ["STATION", "NAME", "LATITUDE", "LONGITUDE", "ELEVATION", "DATE", "AWND", "PRCP", "SNOW", "TAVG", "TMAX", "TMIN"];

opts.VariableTypes = ["categorical", "categorical", "double", "double", "double", "datetime", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double", "double"];

% Specify variable properties

opts = setvaropts(opts, ["STATION", "NAME"], "EmptyFieldRule", "auto");

% Import the data

x01_weather = readtable("\01_weather.xlsx", opts, "UseExcel", false);

% Clear temporary variables

clear opts生成的代码分成几个步骤，并用注释提供文档说明。进行以下更改以自动导入所有 12 个月的电子表格：

创建一个 yearWeather 表，您可以将每个月的电子表格中的数据追加到该表中。

创建一个包含表示每个月的字符串的 namePrefixes 向量。

使用 namePrefixes 创建一个文件名向量。使用十二个文件名的常规模式。

根据每个月的天数创建一个由若干数据范围组成的向量。在生成的代码中，范围跨 A 列到 L 列、第 2 行到第 32 行（比一月的天数大 1）。

使用 for 循环和您创建的变量导入所有文件，并将它们追加到 yearWeather 中。

% Changes #1 and #2: Create variables

yearWeather = table();

namePrefixes = ["01" "02" "03" "04" "05" "06" "07" "08" "09" ...

"10" "11" "12"];

% Set up the Import Options and sheet

opts = spreadsheetImportOptions("NumVariables", 12);

opts.Sheet = "3179575";

% Specify column names and types

opts.VariableNames = ["STATION", "NAME", "LATITUDE", "LONGITUDE", ...

"ELEVATION", "DATE", "AWND", "PRCP", "SNOW", ...

"TAVG", "TMAX", "TMIN"];

opts.VariableTypes = ["categorical", "categorical", "double", ...

"double", "double", "datetime", "double", ...

"double", "double", "double", "double", "double"];

% Specify variable properties

opts = setvaropts(opts, ["STATION", "NAME"], "EmptyFieldRule", "auto");

% Changes #3 and #4: Create vectors of filenames and data ranges

fileNames = namePrefixes + "_weather.xlsx";

dataRanges = "A2:L"+string(day(datetime(2021,1,31)+calmonths(0:11))+1);

% Change #5: Import all files and append them in yearWeather

for i = 1:length(namePrefixes)

fileName = fileNames(i);

opts.DataRange = dataRanges(i);

monthWeather = readtable(fileName, opts, "UseExcel", false);

yearWeather = [yearWeather; monthWeather];

end

% Clear temporary variables

clear opts使用导入的数据绘制 2021 年波士顿每天的低温和高温。

plot(yearWeather.DATE,[yearWeather.TMIN yearWeather.TMAX])

hold on

xlabel("Date")

ylabel("Temperature (℉)")

legend("Low Temperature","High Temperature",location="Northwest")